Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary catalyst in transforming the global supply chain ecosystem by introducing intelligent automation, data-driven forecasting, and adaptive decision-making capabilities. As organizations face increasing complexities due to globalization, demand fluctuations, transportation constraints, and sustainability pressures, traditional supply chain models are proving insufficient to deliver efficiency and resilience. AI technologies—including machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, and natural language processing—enable predictive analytics, optimization, and real-time visibility across supply chain nodes. The integration of AI in supply chain management (SCM) enhances demand forecasting accuracy, inventory management, route optimization, and risk mitigation, thereby enabling firms to respond swiftly to disruptions such as pandemics, geopolitical tensions, or climate-related logistics constraints. Predictive logistics, powered by AI, facilitates end-to-end operational intelligence by anticipating bottlenecks, optimizing delivery schedules, and aligning procurement with consumption patterns. This evolution transforms the supply chain from a reactive to a proactive system capable of self-learning and continuous improvement. Companies such as Amazon, DHL, and Maersk are leading this transition by embedding AI in warehouse automation, predictive maintenance, and network design optimization. Furthermore, the convergence of AI with the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and 5G technologies has amplified transparency and traceability in logistics operations. This research paper examines the mechanisms, benefits, and challenges of AI-driven supply chain optimization, emphasizing predictive logistics as a strategic instrument for achieving sustainability, cost reduction, and competitive agility. The study synthesizes contemporary literature, empirical insights, and case analyses to establish that AI represents not merely a technological tool but a transformative paradigm shaping the intelligent supply chains of the twenty-first century.